The presented contribution attempts to analyze citizen’s protection in the area of public affairs governance exercised by the Slovak Republic citizens directly or by means of nominated representatives elected by them. The Constitutional Law to elect and vote in referendum is guaranteed by the legislator not only by means of Election Acts and the Act referring to the manner and methods of providing referendum, but at the same time it is protected by the Criminal Law provisions. The author puts a special attention to the criminal offence regarding manipulation of the preparation and the course of elections and referendum. Besides that, the author puts into consideration the criminal offence of the election corruption together with some application problem- factors of the mention provisions.