Genetic engineering is often associated with modern agriculture and food production. However, beside its actual (and eventual) benefits, we should notice dangers connected with it. Food and food production is the base of existence and functioning of every human community. Instruments and methods used by a man to sustain his/her existence are the decisive factors for environmental conditions, which in turn decide about the access of products and ecological services. As a result, the existence of human depends on this access. The wise use of it assures the development whereas the lack of caution and controlling actions may cause serious economic and ecological consequences.