The paper analyzes the theoretical foundations and principles underlying the social work in micro social environment. It is shown that at the a signifi cant part of the professional discourse and social work methodolatry is based on theories and approaches explaining social reality in terms of struggle and confl ict, development through reform and deconstruction of power. This methodological orientation, based on the principles of empowerment and participation is focused on stimulating the natural forms of social activity and self-organization in local communities. Community development reformulated as constructing social relations in local communities can mobilize resources for collective action and social support to overcome the adverse social conditions and circumstances.